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    Insights for Modern CPA Firms

    Field-tested writing on offshore strategy, tax operations, security, and scaling U.S. accounting practices.

    192 articles ยท updated weekly

    192 articles
    California Payroll Tax PIT Withholding: 4 Essential EDD Rules Tax Guides & Compliance

    California Payroll Tax PIT Withholding: 4 Essential EDD Rules

    California has four state payroll taxes: PIT, SDI, UI, and ETT. Each has separate rates, wage bases, deposit schedules, and quarterly EDD filing requirements. The 2024 SDI change alone affected every high-income California employee.

    Jun 20, 2026 7 min
    Ohio Commercial Activity Tax: 5 Essential CAT Rules for CPA Firms State & Local Tax

    Ohio Commercial Activity Tax: 5 Essential CAT Rules for CPA Firms

    Ohio Commercial Activity Tax is a gross-receipts tax, not an income tax. No deductions, no losses, no expense adjustments. Out-of-state businesses with Ohio customers can owe CAT without a single Ohio employee.

    Jun 20, 2026 7 min
    New York Sales Tax Filing Schedule: Essential 3-Tier Guide State & Local Tax

    New York Sales Tax Filing Schedule: Essential 3-Tier Guide

    New York assigns vendors to annual, quarterly, or part-quarterly sales tax filing based on prior year liability. The step-up from quarterly to 12 monthly returns is the most consequential change, and it takes effect March 1 with little warning.

    Jun 20, 2026 6 min
    Marketplace Facilitator Sales Tax: 5 Essential Rules for Sellers State & Local Tax

    Marketplace Facilitator Sales Tax: 5 Essential Rules for Sellers

    Marketplace facilitator laws shift sales tax collection to Amazon, Etsy, and eBay, but don't eliminate the seller's nexus, registration, or direct-channel obligations. Here is what CPA firms need to verify.

    Jun 20, 2026 6 min
    California Single Sales Factor Apportionment: 5 Essential Rules State & Local Tax

    California Single Sales Factor Apportionment: 5 Essential Rules

    California's single sales factor uses only the sales ratio to apportion multistate income. Market-based sourcing determines where services and intangibles land. Here is how to get Schedule R right.

    Jun 20, 2026 6 min
    Texas Sales Tax Exemption Certificates: Essential Form 01-339 Guide State & Local Tax

    Texas Sales Tax Exemption Certificates: Essential Form 01-339 Guide

    Texas Comptroller audits routinely find missing and deficient exemption certificates. A valid Form 01-339 is the seller's only defense. Here is the documentation standard offshore teams maintain for Texas clients.

    Jun 20, 2026 6 min
    Section 199A QBI Deduction: 5 Essential Phase-Out Limits Explained Tax Planning

    Section 199A QBI Deduction: 5 Essential Phase-Out Limits Explained

    The Section 199A QBI deduction phase-outs for SSTBs and the W-2/UBIA tests are where pass-through returns slow down. Here is how offshore prep teams surface the edge cases before final review.

    Jun 20, 2026 6 min
    New York Sales Tax Economic Nexus: The Critical $500K + 100 Test State & Local Tax

    New York Sales Tax Economic Nexus: The Critical $500K + 100 Test

    New York sales tax economic nexus triggers only when sellers cross $500K in sales AND 100 separate transactions in the same four-quarter look-back period. One threshold without the other doesn't trigger registration.

    Jun 20, 2026 5 min
    California District Sales Tax: Essential Guide to 25+ Local Rates State & Local Tax

    California District Sales Tax: Essential Guide to 25+ Local Rates

    California's statewide 7.25% rate is only the starting point. District taxes layered on top push combined rates past 10% in dozens of cities. Here is how offshore teams source-match transactions and verify CDTFA allocations correctly.

    Jun 20, 2026 6 min
    Florida Reemployment Tax: Essential RT-6 Guide for CPA Firms State & Local Tax

    Florida Reemployment Tax: Essential RT-6 Guide for CPA Firms

    Florida calls its state unemployment tax reemployment tax. Every other state calls it SUTA. This guide covers the RT-6 filing cadence, taxable wage base, experience-rating mechanics, and what offshore payroll teams verify on every account.

    Jun 20, 2026 5 min
    FBAR FinCEN 114 Preparation: 5 Essential Rules for CPA Firms Tax Guides & Compliance

    FBAR FinCEN 114 Preparation: 5 Essential Rules for CPA Firms

    FBAR penalties are severe and the $10,000 aggregate threshold catches clients off guard. Here is how offshore prep teams surface foreign account disclosures early, before the return is filed.

    Jun 20, 2026 6 min
    NYC Commercial Rent Tax: 2025 Form CR-A Guide for CPAs Outside New York State & Local Tax

    NYC Commercial Rent Tax: 2025 Form CR-A Guide for CPAs Outside New York

    NYC commercial rent tax applies only to Manhattan tenants below 96th Street paying $250K+ in annual rent. Here's how the Form CR-A filing works and what CPAs outside New York need to flag at intake.

    Jun 20, 2026 8 min

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